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5-Amino-1MQ is a small, selective, membrane-permeable molecule that works by inhibiting an enzyme called nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). NNMT is involved in regulating metabolism, cellular energy, and fat storage.
Increased NNMT activity is associated with slowed metabolism, fat accumulation, and metabolic decline with aging. By reducing NNMT activity, 5-Amino-1MQ may help restore the body's natural fat-burning ability and support healthy weight loss, especially in adults experiencing age-related metabolic slowdown.
May reduce age-related fat storage
Can support weight loss when combined with a healthy lifestyle
May help improve energy metabolism
Potential for preventing or reversing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
5-Amino-1MQ is a research-based therapy and may be prescribed off-label as part of a medical weight loss plan. While early results from animal studies are promising, ongoing research is being conducted to better understand its long-term effects and optimal dosing in humans.
Neelakantan H, Vance V, Wetzel MD, Wang HL, McHardy SF, Finnerty CC, Hommel JD, Watowich SJ.
Selective and membrane-permeable small molecule inhibitors of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase reverse high fat diet-induced obesity in mice.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2018 Jan;147:141–152.
GHK-Copper (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine:Cu) is a naturally occurring copper-binding peptide found in human plasma. It plays a key role in skin regeneration, tissue repair, and anti-aging processes. Levels of GHK naturally decline with age, which may contribute to visible signs of aging and delayed healing.
GHK-Copper has been extensively studied for its ability to stimulate collagen production, tighten and rejuvenate the skin, and support healthy hair growth. It is also believed to help modulate genes associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue remodeling.
Improves skin elasticity, firmness, and tone
Reduces the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles
Promotes hair follicle health and hair regrowth
Aids in wound healing and tissue repair
Provides anti-inflammatory and antioxidant support
May help protect against UV radiation and environmental stressors
GHK-Copper works by:
Stimulating collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis
Regulating gene expression related to tissue regeneration
Binding copper, an essential trace mineral that supports enzymatic functions and healing
It is also reported to calm inflammation, support antioxidant defenses, and modulate pain and anxiety pathways, making it a well-rounded option in regenerative medicine.
Pickart L., et al. The effect of human peptide GHK on gene expression relevant to nervous system function and cognitive decline. Brain Sci. 2017; 7(2):20.
Pickart L., et al. GHK-copper peptide in skin remodeling and anti-aging. SDFW J. 2010; 136(6):1-9.
Huang PJ, et al. Influence of copper peptide aids on LED-irradiated fibroblast collagen synthesis. Photomed. Laser Surg. 2007; 25:183–190.
LGD-4033 selectively binds to androgen receptors in muscle and bone tissues, stimulating anabolic activity without the same androgenic effects seen with traditional anabolic steroids. This allows for potential muscle-building benefits with fewer side effects.
Increased lean muscle mass
Enhanced strength and physical performance
Improved exercise recovery
Support in reducing body fat
Preservation of bone density
Pharmacokinetic Profile
Favorable safety profile in clinical trials
Long half-life, allowing for convenient dosing
Minimal changes in liver enzymes (AST/ALT), hemoglobin, PSA, or heart rhythm (QT interval) in research studies
Does not significantly increase prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels
Hormonal Considerations
At higher doses (1.0 mg), LGD-4033 has been associated with:
Suppression of total testosterone and free testosterone
Decrease in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)
Reduced follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Decreased HDL cholesterol and triglycerides
Monitoring by a licensed healthcare provider is important to ensure safe and effective use.
Solomon ZJ, et al. Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators: Current Knowledge and Clinical Applications. Sex Med Rev. 2019;7(1):84-94.
Basaria S, et al. The safety, pharmacokinetics, and effects of LGD-4033, a novel nonsteroidal oral SARM, in healthy young men. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68(1):87-95.
LGD-4033 is not FDA-approved and is available only through compounded prescriptions when a licensed provider determines it to be medically appropriate. It is intended for adult use only and should always be used under the supervision of a qualified medical provider.
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